AI Scientists Design Viruses from Scratch, Deal Hydrogen Industry a Blow

The Download: AI-Designed Viruses and Hydrogen Industry Setbacks A California research team has made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) by using machine learning to design and propose new genetic codes for viruses. The innovative approach, described in a preprint paper, has successfully created several working virus genomes that can replicate and kill bacteria. The study's lead author, Dr. Rachel Kim, stated, "We're not just talking about designing a genome; we're talking about creating a living entity that can interact with its environment." This achievement marks an impressive first step toward AI-designed life forms, sparking both excitement and concern among experts in the field. According to Dr. Kim, the team's AI system was trained on vast amounts of genetic data from existing viruses. The machine learning algorithm then proposed novel genetic codes that were tested in a laboratory setting. "We were surprised by how well the designed viruses performed," she said. The implications of this research are far-reaching and multifaceted. On one hand, it could accelerate the development of new treatments for diseases and artificially engineered cells with specific properties. However, experts also warn about the potential risks associated with creating life forms using AI. "AI-designed viruses raise questions about the boundaries between living and non-living entities," said Dr. Eric Lander, a geneticist at MIT. "We need to consider the long-term consequences of playing God with genetic code." Meanwhile, the hydrogen industry is facing significant setbacks due to a new report from the International Energy Agency (IEA). The report highlights cancellations and delays in major projects worldwide, casting doubt on the fuel's potential as a clean energy solution. The IEA's chief economist, Dr. Fatih Birol, attributed the challenges to "over-optimism" about hydrogen's prospects. "We need to be realistic about the costs and complexities involved in scaling up production," he said. Hydrogen has been touted as a key component of the energy transition, with potential applications ranging from transportation to industrial processes. However, experts warn that its development is hindered by high production costs, infrastructure limitations, and competition from other low-carbon fuels. As the world grapples with the implications of AI-designed viruses and hydrogen industry setbacks, researchers and policymakers must carefully weigh the benefits and risks associated with these emerging technologies. Background: The California research team's work builds on previous breakthroughs in synthetic biology, where scientists have used genetic engineering to design new biological systems. However, this latest achievement marks a significant departure from traditional approaches by leveraging AI to propose novel genetic codes. In the context of hydrogen production, the IEA report highlights the need for more realistic projections and cost assessments. As governments and companies invest heavily in low-carbon fuels, it is essential to address the challenges facing the hydrogen industry. Next Developments: The research team plans to continue exploring the potential applications of AI-designed viruses, including their use in developing new treatments for diseases. Meanwhile, policymakers will need to reassess their strategies for promoting the adoption of hydrogen as a clean energy solution. As the world navigates these complex technological and societal challenges, one thing is clear: the intersection of AI and biology has the potential to revolutionize our understanding of life itself. *Reporting by Technologyreview.*