Devastating floods impacted regions globally throughout 2025, prompting climate experts to assess the causes and recommend preventative measures for the coming year. The floods, which affected areas from Southeast Asia to North America and the Middle East, have been identified as the year's foremost climate hazard, according to Pawan Bhattarai, assistant professor at the civil engineering department of Nepal’s Kathmandu-based Tribhuvan University.

Among the hardest-hit areas was Gaza, where heavy downpours exacerbated the already dire conditions for nearly two million displaced people. These individuals, many living in tents amidst the rubble of destroyed homes following two years of Israeli bombardment, faced freezing temperatures and a lack of adequate shelter. The floods compounded the existing humanitarian crisis, hindering relief efforts and further endangering vulnerable populations.

The increased frequency and intensity of such extreme weather events are linked to climate change, driven by rising global temperatures and altered weather patterns. Experts emphasize the urgent need for governments to implement policies aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions and investing in climate resilience measures. These measures include improving infrastructure to withstand extreme weather, developing early warning systems for floods, and implementing sustainable land management practices.

AI is playing an increasingly important role in flood prediction and management. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of data from weather sensors, satellite imagery, and historical flood records to identify areas at high risk and predict the severity of potential floods. These AI-powered systems can provide timely warnings to communities, allowing them to evacuate and take preventative measures to protect their property. Furthermore, AI can optimize the operation of flood control infrastructure, such as dams and levees, to maximize their effectiveness in mitigating flood damage.

However, the deployment of AI in flood management also raises important societal considerations. Ensuring equitable access to these technologies is crucial, as marginalized communities are often disproportionately affected by floods. Additionally, it is important to address potential biases in AI algorithms, which could lead to inaccurate predictions or discriminatory outcomes. Ethical guidelines and regulations are needed to ensure that AI is used responsibly and effectively in flood management.

Looking ahead to 2026, the focus is on implementing comprehensive strategies to mitigate the risk of future floods and protect vulnerable communities. This requires a collaborative effort involving governments, researchers, and local communities. By investing in climate resilience, leveraging the power of AI, and addressing the underlying causes of climate change, it may be possible to keep 2026 "above water."