A cremation pyre approximately 9,500 years old has been discovered in a rock shelter at the foot of Mount Hora in northern Malawi, offering insights into the rituals of ancient African hunter-gatherer groups. Researchers believe this pyre represents the oldest confirmed intentional cremation in Africa containing adult remains, and the first such pyre associated with African hunter-gatherers.

The discovery, made during excavations in 2017 and 2018, involved the recovery of 170 human bone fragments, apparently from an adult woman just under 1.5 meters (5ft) tall, found in two clusters amidst layers of ash, charcoal, and sediment. The field crew at the site, led by Jessica Thompson, noted the significance of the find in understanding early human mortuary practices.

The pyre's age and location challenge previous assumptions about the development of complex social behaviors. Intentional cremation suggests a level of symbolic thought and ritualistic practice previously not well-documented for this period in Africa. The analysis of the bone fragments and surrounding materials is ongoing, with researchers employing advanced dating techniques to refine the timeline and gain further insights into the cremation process itself.

The find contributes to a growing body of evidence suggesting that hunter-gatherer societies were more complex and culturally diverse than often portrayed. The discovery also highlights the importance of archaeological research in Africa for understanding the full scope of human history. Further research is planned for the site to uncover additional details about the individuals and communities who utilized the rock shelter and performed the cremation ritual.