Scientists studying Alzheimer's disease in African Americans have identified a key gene, ADAMTS2, that may offer a shared biological pathway across racial groups, according to a recent study from Boston University School of Medicine. In an analysis of brain tissue from over 200 donors, the ADAMTS2 gene showed significantly higher activity in individuals with Alzheimer's compared to those without the disease.

The finding was further substantiated by its prominence in an independent study of White individuals, suggesting a common underlying mechanism in Alzheimer's development. This discovery opens potential avenues for new treatment strategies targeting this shared biological pathway.

Alzheimer's disease disproportionately affects African Americans, occurring at roughly twice the rate observed in White or European-ancestry individuals in the United States. Researchers have long sought to understand the genetic and environmental factors contributing to this disparity. The identification of ADAMTS2 as a key gene in both African American and White populations represents a significant step forward in this understanding.

The study, published on January 1, 2026, highlights the importance of inclusive research in addressing health disparities. By studying diverse populations, scientists can uncover genetic factors that may be missed in studies focused solely on one group. This approach is particularly relevant in the context of AI-driven drug discovery, where algorithms trained on biased datasets can perpetuate existing inequalities.

AI plays an increasingly important role in Alzheimer's research, from identifying potential drug targets to predicting disease progression. Machine learning algorithms can analyze vast amounts of genetic and clinical data to identify patterns and relationships that would be impossible for humans to detect. However, the effectiveness of these algorithms depends on the quality and diversity of the data they are trained on.

"The discovery of ADAMTS2 as a potential therapeutic target is exciting, but it's crucial to ensure that any future treatments are effective and accessible to all populations," said a lead researcher from Boston University School of Medicine. "This requires ongoing research and collaboration across different communities."

The next steps involve further investigation into the function of ADAMTS2 in the brain and its role in Alzheimer's pathology. Researchers are also exploring potential therapeutic interventions that could target this gene. The hope is that this discovery will lead to new and more effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease, benefiting individuals of all racial and ethnic backgrounds.