This figure represents a significant decrease compared to the 10,457 deaths recorded in the previous 12 months. However, activists caution that the decline does not necessarily indicate improved conditions for migrants. Helena Maleno, the NGO's research coordinator, attributed the drop in fatalities to tighter border controls, which have forced migrants to take more dangerous routes.
The reduction in deaths is largely attributed to increased border policing, particularly in Mauritania. In 2024, the European Union signed a 210 million euro migration deal with Mauritania, aimed at strengthening border security and curbing migration flows. This agreement, while intended to reduce irregular migration, has inadvertently pushed migrants towards more perilous sea routes, according to Caminando Fronteras.
The implementation of AI-driven surveillance technologies along migration routes also plays a role. These technologies, often deployed as part of broader border security strategies, utilize machine learning algorithms to analyze patterns of movement and identify potential crossings. While proponents argue that AI enhances border management efficiency, critics raise concerns about the ethical implications of using AI to restrict movement and potentially endanger vulnerable populations. The use of predictive policing algorithms, for example, can lead to increased surveillance in specific areas, potentially driving migrants to seek alternative, more dangerous routes to avoid detection.
The situation highlights the complex interplay between migration policies, technological advancements, and human rights. While AI offers potential benefits in managing migration flows, it also raises concerns about bias, transparency, and accountability. Ensuring that AI systems are used ethically and responsibly in migration management requires careful consideration of their potential impact on vulnerable populations.
The Caminando Fronteras report underscores the ongoing risks faced by migrants attempting to reach Spain. Despite the decrease in overall fatalities, the shift towards more dangerous routes raises concerns about the potential for future tragedies. The organization continues to monitor the situation and advocate for safer migration policies that prioritize the protection of human lives.
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