This figure represents a significant decrease compared to the 10,457 deaths recorded in the previous 12 months. However, activists caution that the reduction in fatalities does not necessarily indicate improved conditions for migrants. Helena Maleno, research coordinator for Caminando Fronteras, stated that tighter border controls are forcing migrants to take increasingly dangerous routes.
Much of the decrease in fatalities is attributed to heightened border policing, particularly in Mauritania. In 2024, the EU and Mauritania signed a migration deal worth 210 million euros, aimed at strengthening border security and curbing migration flows.
The implementation of stricter border controls has led to a sharp decline in migrant arrivals to Spain. However, this has also resulted in migrants attempting more perilous journeys, often utilizing less seaworthy vessels and navigating more treacherous waters. The shift in migration routes underscores a complex interplay between policy, technology, and human behavior.
The use of AI in border control is also evolving. AI-powered surveillance systems are increasingly being deployed to monitor borders and detect unauthorized crossings. These systems often utilize machine learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of data from various sources, including satellite imagery, drone footage, and social media. The effectiveness and ethical implications of these technologies are subjects of ongoing debate.
The situation highlights the ongoing challenges in managing migration flows and ensuring the safety of vulnerable populations. The focus on border security, while potentially reducing the number of successful crossings, can inadvertently push migrants towards more dangerous routes, increasing the risk of fatalities. The need for comprehensive strategies that address the root causes of migration, provide safe and legal pathways, and prioritize the protection of human rights remains paramount.
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