Donald Trump's first year back in the White House, commencing January 20, 2025, was marked by a series of policy decisions and events that elicited strong reactions both domestically and internationally.

One of the most significant early actions was the re-implementation of tariffs on imported steel and aluminum, a move intended to bolster American manufacturing. The tariffs, averaging 25% on steel and 10% on aluminum, sparked immediate criticism from the European Union, Canada, and other trading partners, who argued the measures violated international trade agreements. "These tariffs are a clear violation of WTO rules and will harm global trade," stated Cecilia Malmström, then the EU Trade Commissioner, in a press conference following the announcement. The Trump administration, however, maintained that the tariffs were necessary for national security, citing concerns about the decline of American steel production.

Another key moment was the withdrawal of the United States from the International Climate Accord in April. This decision reversed the country's commitment to reduce greenhouse gas emissions under the landmark 2015 agreement. Supporters of the withdrawal, primarily within the Republican party, argued that the accord placed an unfair burden on the American economy. "The Paris Agreement was a bad deal for America, costing us jobs and hindering our economic growth," said Senator James Inhofe (R-OK), a long-time critic of the agreement. Environmental groups and international leaders condemned the decision, warning of its potential impact on global efforts to combat climate change. "This is a grave mistake that undermines global efforts to address the climate crisis," stated António Guterres, the Secretary-General of the United Nations, in a statement released shortly after the announcement.

Domestically, the administration focused on tax reform, enacting legislation in July that significantly lowered corporate and individual income tax rates. Proponents argued that the tax cuts would stimulate economic growth and create jobs. Critics, however, contended that the tax cuts disproportionately benefited the wealthy and would increase the national debt. The Congressional Budget Office estimated that the tax cuts would add trillions of dollars to the national debt over the next decade.

Throughout the year, the administration also faced scrutiny over its immigration policies, particularly regarding border security and the treatment of asylum seekers. Increased enforcement efforts led to a rise in deportations and heightened tensions along the U.S.-Mexico border. These policies drew criticism from human rights organizations and Democratic lawmakers, who accused the administration of violating international human rights laws.

As the first year concluded, the long-term impacts of these policies remained a subject of debate and uncertainty. The administration signaled its intent to continue pursuing its "America First" agenda, promising further action on trade, immigration, and other key issues. The upcoming midterm elections were expected to serve as a referendum on the administration's policies and direction.