Thousands of residents in the Makoko community of Lagos, Nigeria, were left homeless following a government-led eviction that began in late December 2025 and continued through Friday, Jan. 16, 2026. Community leaders in Makoko, a 19th-century fishing settlement often called the "Venice of Nigeria," and two adjacent settlements in Lagos Lagoon, estimated that at least 10,000 people lost their homes as excavators demolished buildings.

According to Makoko community leaders and humanitarian organizations, at least four people died during the demolition process. These deaths allegedly included two infants and a 70-year-old woman who, according to community leaders, suffered respiratory problems after tear gas was deployed to disperse families attempting to protect their residences. A spokesman for the Lagos State government declined to comment on the reports of deaths, referring instead to previous news reports outlining the government's position that the demolition was necessary.

The Lagos State government has previously stated that the demolitions are part of a broader urban renewal project aimed at addressing environmental and sanitation concerns within the lagoon communities. Officials have argued that the informal settlements lack proper infrastructure and contribute to pollution, posing health risks to residents and hindering the economic development of the area. However, critics argue that the government has not provided adequate relocation plans or compensation for those displaced, leaving thousands vulnerable and without shelter.

Makoko, largely built on stilts over the Lagos Lagoon, has a long history of informal settlement and fishing. Its unique aquatic environment has made it a popular subject for photographers and a symbol of resilience in the face of urban challenges. However, the community has also faced persistent threats of eviction due to its informal status and the government's desire to modernize the city.

The current status of the displaced residents remains precarious. Humanitarian groups are working to provide emergency assistance, including food, water, and medical care. The long-term impact of the demolitions on the community's social fabric and economic stability is still unfolding. Further developments are expected as community leaders and human rights organizations continue to advocate for the rights of the displaced and seek legal redress.