Frey's subpoena requires him to appear in U.S. District Court in Minneapolis on Feb. 3. The Justice Department has not released specific details regarding the scope of the investigation or the information sought from the officials.

Mayor Frey has publicly criticized the federal government's actions. "We shouldn't have to live in a country where people fear that federal law enforcement will be used to play politics or crack down on local voices," Frey stated, accusing the federal government of weaponizing its power to intimidate local leaders.

The investigation appears to stem from policies enacted during the Trump administration that sought to increase immigration enforcement and cooperation between federal and local authorities. Some state and local governments, including those in Minnesota, implemented policies aimed at limiting their cooperation with federal immigration authorities, citing concerns about due process and the potential for discrimination. These policies often involved restricting local law enforcement from inquiring about immigration status or detaining individuals solely on immigration violations.

Attorney General Ellison's office has not yet released a statement. St. Paul Mayor Kaohly Her's office confirmed receipt of the subpoena and stated that they are cooperating with the investigation. NPR has not yet confirmed reports that other state and local leaders have also been issued subpoenas. The Justice Department has declined to comment on the ongoing investigation. The grand jury will hear testimony and review evidence to determine whether there is sufficient cause to bring criminal charges. The investigation is ongoing.