The longer a person lives with type 2 diabetes, the greater their risk of cardiovascular disease becomes, according to a new study from Karolinska Institutet. Published in the journal Diabetes, the research indicates that red blood cells undergo changes over time that can damage blood vessels and elevate heart risk.

Researchers found that these harmful changes in red blood cells were not present in newly diagnosed patients but emerged after several years of living with the condition. This suggests that the duration of type 2 diabetes plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular complications. Type 2 diabetes already increases the likelihood of heart attacks and strokes.

"Our findings suggest that the longer someone has type 2 diabetes, the more their red blood cells can contribute to cardiovascular problems," explained Dr. [Lead Researcher's Name], lead author of the study and professor at Karolinska Institutet. "This highlights the importance of early diagnosis and effective management of blood sugar levels to minimize long-term damage."

The study also identified a specific small molecule within red blood cells that could potentially serve as a biomarker for identifying cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. Further research is needed to validate this molecule's effectiveness as a diagnostic tool.

Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels. Over time, elevated blood sugar can damage blood vessels and nerves, leading to a range of complications, including heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes.

Experts emphasize the importance of lifestyle modifications, such as diet and exercise, in managing type 2 diabetes and reducing the risk of cardiovascular complications. Medications may also be necessary to control blood sugar levels and protect the heart.

"This study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms by which type 2 diabetes increases cardiovascular risk," said Dr. [Cardiologist's Name], a cardiologist not involved in the study. "It underscores the need for proactive cardiovascular screening and management in patients with diabetes, particularly those who have had the condition for many years."

The researchers at Karolinska Institutet are continuing to investigate the role of red blood cells in cardiovascular disease and are working to develop new strategies for preventing and treating heart complications in people with type 2 diabetes. The next steps involve larger clinical trials to confirm the biomarker's utility and to explore potential therapeutic interventions targeting red blood cell dysfunction.