In 2015, the international community pledged to end epidemics of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria, and other communicable diseases by 2030, setting ambitious targets within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These goals included achieving universal health coverage and ensuring access to safe and affordable medicines and vaccines for everyone, everywhere.

While some progress was made in the initial five years following the pledge, including declines in newborn and child mortality and new HIV infections, the COVID-19 pandemic, ongoing wars, and other destabilizing factors have significantly hampered advancement toward the 2030 deadline. The proportion of the world's population with access to universal health care continued to increase, but at a slower pace than before 2015.

The SDGs, specifically Goal 3 focusing on healthy lives and well-being for all, represented a commitment from world leaders to address global health challenges. Achieving these goals by 2030 was recognized as a significant undertaking from the outset. The rise of malaria cases, as reported by various international health organizations, exemplifies the challenges in meeting the set targets.

The commitment to ending epidemics and achieving universal health coverage reflects a global understanding of the interconnectedness of health and development. The SDGs were designed to build upon the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which preceded them, and to address a broader range of social, economic, and environmental issues. The pledge to ensure access to medicines and vaccines recognized the importance of equitable access to essential health technologies.

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on global health systems and economies has been profound, diverting resources and disrupting health services in many countries. Conflicts and humanitarian crises have further exacerbated health challenges, particularly in vulnerable populations. The rise of antimicrobial resistance also poses a significant threat to global health security, undermining the effectiveness of treatments for infectious diseases.

Moving forward, experts emphasize the need for high-quality evidence to guide interventions and track progress towards the SDGs. This includes strengthening data collection and analysis systems, investing in research and development, and promoting innovation in health technologies. International collaboration and partnerships are also crucial for addressing global health challenges effectively.