China's birth rate declined to a record low in 2025, despite government initiatives aimed at increasing fertility. The National Statistics Bureau reported the figures, highlighting the challenges the country faces in reversing the demographic trend.

The drop occurred despite the abolition a decade prior of the one-child policy, which limited most families to a single child. In an attempt to encourage larger families, the government has implemented policies including financial incentives for families to have more children.

Director Kang Yi of the National Statistics Bureau addressed reporters, presenting the population figures for the past year. The government's efforts reflect concerns about the long-term economic and social implications of a shrinking workforce and an aging population.

The reasons for the declining birth rate are multifaceted. Rising costs of living, particularly in urban areas, coupled with increasing education and career aspirations among women, contribute to the trend. Some experts suggest that changing societal norms and preferences also play a role.

While China still maintains the world's largest population after India, the declining birth rate presents significant challenges for the future. The government is expected to continue exploring and implementing new policies to address the issue, but reversing the trend remains an uphill battle, according to analysts.